Ammonia toxicity to the brain
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Ammonia toxicity to the brain and creatine.
Symptoms of hyperammonemia are age-dependent and some are reversible. Multiple mechanisms are involved. Hyperammonemia increases the uptake of tryptophan into the brain by activation of the L-system carrier while brain glutamine plays a still undefined role. The uptake of tryptophan by the brain is enhanced when the plasma levels of branched-chain amino acids competing with the other large neut...
متن کاملInhibition of glutamine synthetase during ammonia exposure in rainbow trout indicates a high reserve capacity to prevent brain ammonia toxicity.
Glutamine synthetase (GSase), the enzyme that catalyses the conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine, is present at high levels in vertebrate brain tissue and is thought to protect the brain from elevated ammonia concentrations. We tested the hypothesis that high brain GSase activity is critical in preventing accumulation of brain ammonia and glutamate during ammonia loading in the ammo...
متن کاملLong-term ammonia toxicity to the pink-shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis.
Juvenile pink-shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis were exposed (75 days) to NH(3) (0.016-0.287 mg L(-1)) under static condition with water renewal every 24h. Experiments were performed at 20 degrees C, at a water salinity of 15 ppt, and at pH 7.8. Endpoints analyzed were survival, growth and predation rates. After 75 days of exposure, survival was >or=90% in all concentrations tested. However, gro...
متن کاملStudies on the intracerebral toxicity of ammonia.
Interference with cerebral energy metabolism due to excess ammonia has been postulated as a cause of hepatic encephalopathy. Furthermore, consideration of the neurologic basis of such features of hepatic encephalopathy as asterixis, decerebrate rigidity, hyperpnea, and coma suggests a malfunction of structures in the base of the brain and their cortical connections. The three major sources of i...
متن کاملUse of zeolite for removing ammonia and ammonia-caused toxicity in marine toxicity identification evaluations.
Ammonia occurs in marine waters including effluents, receiving waters, and sediment interstitial waters. At sufficiently high concentrations, ammonia can be toxic to aquatic species. Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) methods provide researchers with tools for identifying aquatic toxicants. For identifying ammonia toxicity, there are several possible methods including pH alteration and vo...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease
سال: 2012
ISSN: 0141-8955,1573-2665
DOI: 10.1007/s10545-012-9546-2